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Solar Learning Lab

Utility guides

The company on your bill decides your solar math

Written by the Solar Learning Lab research deskUpdated August 17, 20263 min read

Shoppers compare installers for weeks and never read a word about the utility those panels will feed. That is backwards. The utility sets what a kilowatt-hour costs you, what an exported kilowatt-hour earns you, and how long the interconnection queue runs. Two identical systems in the same metro can pay back years apart because the wires belong to different companies. These guides go tariff by tariff through the six utilities behind our city pages.

Start with your utility, not your installer. Each guide below breaks down the residential rate you actually pay, the export credit rules as written in the tariff, the interconnection process, and what is scheduled to change through 2027. Every figure links to the utility document or regulator filing it came from.

Florida

Florida Power & Light

One tariff for nearly the whole state, a bill built from nine separate line items, and full retail net metering that still works the old fashioned way. We take the RS-1 rate apart charge by charge.

Read the FPL guide

New York City

Con Edison

The priciest power in our coverage, plus a monthly charge that applies only to solar owners. The choice between classic net metering and the Value Stack changes what a Brooklyn roof earns.

Read the ConEd guide

Los Angeles

LADWP

A city owned utility that never adopted the export cuts California's big three took in 2023. Retail rate crediting survives here, and that quietly makes LA one of the better solar deals in the state.

Read the LADWP guide

Houston

CenterPoint Energy

CenterPoint owns the wires but never sells you a kilowatt-hour. In Houston your solar economics live in whichever retail plan you sign, and the buyback fine print varies more than most shoppers expect.

Read the CenterPoint guide

Phoenix metro

Arizona Public Service

Export credits set in annual tranches that only move one direction. Your rate locks for ten years at whatever tranche is live when you apply, which turns application timing into real money.

Read the APS guide

Phoenix metro

Salt River Project

A public power district with an elected board, meters that track exports instantaneously instead of netting them, and a flat 3.45 cent export price. Different physics of billing than any IOU we cover.

Read the SRP guide

How these guides connect to the rest of the site

Our city pages answer the question of whether solar pens out where you live. These utility guides answer why. The rate tables on the Miami, Los Angeles, Houston, New York City and Phoenix pages all trace back to the tariffs documented here. When a tariff changes, we update both layers and note the date.

Put your utility's numbers to work

Our calculator prices a system against your state's rates and production data. Takes about a minute, no contact info needed to see results.

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See who installs in your city

Real Google ratings for the most reviewed installers in each metro we cover, pulled fresh and never pay-to-play.

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